Two limbs of yoga (II) - personal ethics

 

Niyama (personal ethics):

There are five rules for one’s inner development. 

The first is “shaucha” or everyday cleanliness. It includes showering and keeping yourself clean, wearing clean clothes, and seeing that you don’t have bad breath. If someone stinks, he (or she) doesn’t notice it, but others have problems sitting next to him (or her) in satsang or during Sudarshan Kriya! Someone has to do the Sudarshan Kriya, and he is thinking, “Oh! Why is this person next to me?!” As “So Hum (practice of Sudarshan Kriya)” goes on, instead of focusing on “So Hum”, he is saying, “Go away! Go away! My God! Oh God!”

The second is “santosha” or contentment, happiness. Be happy! If you don’t take a step towards being happy, nothing in this world can make you happy, and you go on complaining about this and that. Once, a farmer was complaining that the apples on his trees were not too good. Then, one year, he had very good apples! He had apples in plenty – three times more than the usual crop! Then he started complaining about having too much work to do, about having to pick all those apples, about how many were rotting, and about how the prices had gone down! There’s no end to complaining – but life goes on anyway! It flows like a river. How do you want to live the rest of your life – the remaining thirty, forty or fifty years? Smiling? Or grumbling, feeling horrible about yourself, and blaming the whole world? So the second rule is to be happy and content. 

Third is “tapas” – forbearance or penance – meaning, something is uncomfortable, but you still put up with it, happily. It’s like people, who go on marathon walks for 20 miles or 20 kilometres. If we had to simply walk 20 kilometres, we would grumble, but when it’s a marathon, then one says, “Oh! I am going to walk!” Whether you walk in a marathon, or you walk because your car broke down, your legs go through the same pain! But when you think you’re in a marathon, you come back the same, sweating and tired, but with a smile: “Oh! I did it!” This is tapas – willingly taking it. 

Suppose you have to travel in a plane for a long time – say eight or ten hours – what do you do? If you were asked to sit for ten hours, you would never do it, but in a plane, there is no way out! You have to sit… with a seat belt! You can watch TV to keep your mind occupied, but you have to sit! So, willingly accepting opposites is tapas. This makes your body and mind strong. Whatever you can change – change. What you cannot change, accept. If it is too cold, put on a sweater. If it is too hot, take off your coat. It’s as simple as that! When it is raining very heavily, and you get wet, in spite of an umbrella – get wet! Tapas. We have to take it. Forbearance. 

Fourth is self-study – “swadhyaya”. Observe your mind and see what your mind says, how you behave, how you act, how you feel. Do you feel good? Do you feel bad? If you are feeling bad, just observe, you will start feeling good again. When you are feeling good, observe. All feelings – good or bad – will change. Swadhyaya is self-study, self-observation.

Fifth is “ishwara pranidhaana”, meaning, love for the Divine – surrender to the Divine. When you feel you are totally helpless, you say, “Oh, God! You take whatever it is that I am feeling!” 

These are the ten rules (yama + niyama) that make you very strong – that make you whole and complete. If you are clean inside and you’re clean outside, then your mind is clean and free. Put anything that doesn’t feel right, anything that’s bothering you, into the “Botheration Basket (part of Art of Living's Silence Program)” and feel you are cleansed from inside. 

To feel clean inside, we have two things – “So Hum” and “So What?!” “So What?!” will certainly work, but if it doesn’t, “So Hum” most definitely will! With “So what?!” or “So Hum”, keep your smile!

To let love happen, know your Self

 

Can you love with your effort? Is it possible? No. A million times you have heard people telling you to love everything. Love the flower, love the sun, love the moon.

How Is possible? Can you love with your effort or does it just happen? Love is spontaneous inner happening. You have no control over love. It is the other way around Love controls you. When there is love, you are pulled. Even if you don't want to go , you are pulled. When there is love, you are drawn towards it. Love governs your life. You can't govern love.

You are very small. You are tinier than love. Love is a phenomenon. It happens to you. It is beyond your manipulation. You cannot manipulate your mind and bring love into it. It is impossible.

What can you do? You can drop the stresses, tension and all that is blocking the flow of love and being natural. If you are natural, you are allowing love to flow through you.

Anything you do that is unnatural blocks the flow of love. What is distress? Distress is something which blocks the flow of love. When there is love, there is no distress. Can there be distress in love? No. Can there be fear when there is love? No. Eliminate the root cause of tension, and love dawns and flowers in its natural way. The real cause of tension is unawareness of love. It goes in circles.

You think if you don't love yourself, if you can't accept yourself, you're limited in loving anybody else. But who said you don't love yourself? The trouble is you do love yourself. Not as your Self, but as your thoughts, your ideas and your ego. Ignorance of your Self is the lack today, not lack of love for oneself. Do you see that difference?

Understanding the "self"

 

Many people, when they get this spiritual knowledge, say, “Oh, Gurudev, while I’ve been waiting for this, so much time has gone by. I’ve wasted 20 years. How nice it would have been if you had come years ago”. 

I say don’t regret the past. Nothing is ever a waste. All the past, all you have gone through has built the foundation, has brought the walls up. Now we are here to put on the roof, to complete it. It is not a waste. What is it about the individual self that makes it different from another individual self?

My answer will not help you. You look into it. That is a question in your mouth like food in your mouth. Someone can bring food up to your mouth with a spoon, but you have to chew it. Someone else cannot chew it for you and put it in your stomach. This is such a question. You work it out. This much we can say, the self is not thoughts, it is not feeling, it is not emotions.

A scholar who has studied such things would answer this question. The answer to such a question is more harmful than good. It will only place more concepts in your mind. The other day a lady asked me a question. When I did not answer it, she became angry. She felt insulted. She said, “Why are you so unkind to me? You answer everybody else’s questions, but you don’t answer mine”.

I said, “I was kind to you, that’s why I did not answer your question. It’s the other way around. You have a bundle of knowledge. You think you know a lot already and you are chewing it like chewing gum.

It is not fulfilling your belly. All this knowledge is just like chewing gum in the mouth. Your jaws are aching and you are hungry. And you want more chewing gum in your mouth”.

It's time to enter

 

Several thousand years ago someone said, “Knock and it shall be opened unto you”. The human mind two thousand years was simple, natural, closer to the source. One needed only to knock on the door and it would open. Today the mind has become more complex, more confused. Knocking will not help. One has to bang on the door.

5000 years ago a person would not have needed to knock. He would have found an automatic door. The moment he went near the door, it would have opened. You see that in the airport. If you go near the door, it opens and makes way for you. You need not even touch the door. The state of humankind five thousand years ago was much simpler than it is now.

You have never seen the door. You are struck outside the door. You are locked out of your own home. You need to bang on your door to get into your own home.

You seem to be closing your eyes, but you have never really shut your eyes all that you are made of is from outside. Even in sleep, even in dreams, the world moves in your head because you are so deeply steeped in phenomena. Complexities have kept you away from your self, from your home. Your communication with the world is through several doors. This very body is a mansion that has many doors.

Through each door you receive and you send out. The world comes into your mind through this door and goes out through that one. Through this very pair of eyes, you see the whole world. You take the world inside you. Look at a flower. What is happening? The flower is out there, but you are capturing that inside.

When you look at people, you bring all the impressions of those people inside. You are not just sitting there in front of me. As you are, you are present in my consciousness, in my mind. It becomes imprinted.

All that you see you take in, Eyes are those doors through which the world enters into you. Ears are those doors through which the whole world enters by means of speech. The sound of a word, mango, banana, food, donkey, madness, brings all those forms through your ears into your mind. The five senses are the five doors through which the world enters into you.

Doors are beautiful. Doors are filters that we want and need. Sometimes we welcome in and sometimes we close out. In one sense our doors never close. They have no utility, serve no purpose. It is like living in open space, living beyond protection. In another sense our doors have never opened. They have never opened to our innermost self.

Our rationality has kept us out. People, when they were simple and uncomplicated, could feel things. They could feel a flower.

Know yourself

 

This is just a moment, a fleeting moment, a passing moment. A mood comes and goes, thoughts come and go. And opinions change, jobs change, relationships change, friends change, things all around us are changing.

Whether we want it or we don’t want it, whether we like it or we don't like it, things go on changing. Yet you can hold on to that one thing which does not change in you. Be with that. That is you. The body has changed, you have not changed.

Some centered point in you has not changed. It is the same principle that is beneath the whole existence that is beneath the orderliness of this flower. That same principle is responsible for the colors in this flower, the shape of these leaves. The same intelligence is in the entire creation.

When we realize this, a grand unification happens in the consciousness. Our perception changes. Anything we look at, we look at sharply. When we hear, we hear sharply. We merge with what we see and hear.

There is a very big difference in the way a child watches television and the way we watch television. Have you observed that? If there is a story and somebody is crying, the child will also cry. We can see this in third world countries where villagers are not very well educated. If they get angry at the hero or heroine when they watch television, they go and smash the television set. They are so involved, they identify themselves with the television. 

There was a cricket match happening between Pakistan and another country. The newspapers reported that the television company did a very good business after that show, because when their country lost, people banged their television sets.

There's a definite difference in the quality perception that brings unification with the object of perception. That is why saints through all of time have spoken of uniting with the ultimate, uniting with the source, uniting with the rhythm.

There are two successes, being successful in life and being successful in the world. One can be successful in the world without necessarily being successful in life. Success in life is attending to this source, inquiry of the source and living in that joy and unconditional love.

Why we should review our lives in the time gone past

 

As we flip the calendar, we need to keep flipping our mind as well. Often, our diaries are filled with memories. See that you don't fill your future dates with past events. Allow the space for creativity to unlearn from the past and move on.

In the past year (and many of us rang in a new year just a few weeks back), how many days were you in sanyas? How many days were you struggling, being caught in maya? Turn back and remember the whole year.

Do not run away from anything. Do not reject anything. Do not go away from anything. At the same time, let your attention be on the self. This is a delicate balance. That balance is yoga.  

A poor man celebrates New Year once a year. A rich man celebrates each day. But the richest man celebrates every moment. How rich are you? If you celebrate every moment, you are the Lord of Creation.

Review the year while you celebrate. This is your homework. Compare your performance in the year before last and smile. This year is fortunate because you are living at this time. When you are living for the sake of the world, the world is fortunate.  

Let time celebrate your presence. You keep smiling as ever. When you let time celebrate you, you are witness amid celebration.  

The heart always longs for the old, the mind for the new. Life is a combination of both. Let the New Year bring into our life ancient wisdom and modernity, as life is incomplete without either of them.  

Don't feel shy to speak about human and spiritual values. The time has come now to call the whole world. Be ever new, happy you.

Random acts of kindness

 

Abiding in the self you become the valentine for the whole world. Spirit is the valentine of matter, and matter is the valentine of spirit. They are made for each other. They uphold each other.  

If you do not respect the spirit, then matter is not pleased. If you honor the spirit, you care for the world, and when you care for the world it will take care of you.

You are the Christmas tree. At the time of year when no tree bears anything, it has many gifts to offer. A Christmas tree bears the gifts and the lights not for itself. Similarly, all the gifts you are carrying in your life are for others. Anyone who comes to you, you offer them your gifts.

When you show kindness, your true nature comes into play. Have you ever done acts of kindness without expecting anything out of it? Our service should not be mechanical.

Once some boy scouts were at a Sunday service, when the priest said, “You should serve.” They asked, “What is this service? Could you give us some example?” He said, “Suppose an old lady wants to cross a road, go and help her cross the road.”  

So the boys went and looked for a whole week, but there was no old woman trying to cross the road. Finally four of them found a woman walking on a footpath. One of the boys went and asked her, “Madam, would you like to cross the road?” She turned and said, “No.” He was disappointed.  

So another boy went and asked her again, thinking, perhaps, that the first boy hadn't asked properly. The woman was now a little bit confused. She wondered why she was being asked this. So, she said it was all right for him to take her across the road.  

Once they had reached the other side, a third boy came and asked her, “Would you like to cross the road?” Now it really bothered her. When the fourth one approached her, she almost screamed and ran away.  

You don't have to plan acts of kindness. Just do it spontaneously. When you do random acts of kindness, you come in touch with your true nature.

Taking time out for yourself

 

If for the whole day you are engaged in only gathering information, you do not take out time for yourself to think and reflect. A few quiet moments are resources for creativity.

Some time during the day, sit for a few minutes, get into the cave of your heart, eyes closed, and kick the world away like a ball. But, during the day, be 100 percent attached to the work. Eventually, you will be able to be both attached and detached. This is the skill of living, the art of living.  

Renunciation refills your energy. Creativity cannot happen only just through efforts. There is a beautiful story about Chhatrapati Shivaji. At one time Shivaji became so frustrated about ruling his kingdom that he went to his guru Samarth Ramdas and told him that he is fed up and that he just wants to renounce everything.  

Ramdas told him that he can renounce everything. Shivaji became so happy and relaxed at the very thought. Then Ramdas told him: “Now I am the king and you are my servant. Will you do whatever I ask you to do?” Shivaji replied: “For you I am ready to do anything.”  

Ramdas said: “Very good. Will you run this country for me?” Shivaji replied: “Yes, I will run the country for you.” Total renunciation has brought zeal and enthusiasm in him. Creativity springs up when you are relaxed.  

You have to renounce all work you have done the whole day, only then can you rest in the night. Though many times pain, struggle and frustration have brought out creativity in some people, these are not the only reasons for a person to be creative. Millions of people in the world are struggling or frustrated, but they are not creative.  

So, taking out some time for yourself improves the quality of your life.

Stop trying to understand your feelings, emotions

 

All our struggles in life are to know more. You are trying your level best to understand feelings and emotions, and you get into more and more confusion.  

This is what has happened with psychology today. It tries to explain to you why you feel like the way you are feeling. The “why” arises always when you are unhappy. You ask, “Why this problem to me of all the people?” Nobody ever asked, “Why am I so happy?”  

You wanted to understand, “Why am I not feeling good?”, or “Why am I angry?”, or “Why is this not happening?” The more you try to understand and try to dig in, you seem to understand less and less. The mystery deepens; an illusion comes as though “I know it”. But that is for a short while.  

We ourselves do not know and we try to explain others. Stop your explanations. You put yourself into a soup and also make other people more confused.  

We need to learn a little bit about our breath. We need to know a little bit about all the layers of our existence – body, breath, mind, intellect, memory, ego and the self. This is what I call Art of Living, learning a little bit about ourselves, the seven layers of our life. And that makes you be in the present moment, and it helps us to maintain the innocence that we are all born with and feel at home with everybody, anywhere.  

What I would suggest is, take one week off every year for yourself, like you take your car for servicing. During that time, align yourself with nature, wake up with the sunrise, do some exercise, eat proper food, just as much food as necessary, some exercises, a few minutes of singing, and then some silent moments, enjoying the creation. Book yourself on a trip to this most beautiful place in the universe. Then you find that every day is a vacation and a celebration.

How is boredom related to memory

 

In an ocean, the waves keep coming non-stop, it doesn’t get boring! Birds sing the same song, every morning, all their life, they don’t get bored! It is only human beings who get bored! ‘Oh! Once again the same thing.’ And why do you get bored? It is because of memory. You remember whatever you have done before, so you get bored.

Memory is both a blessing and a curse. It is because you get bored that you feel the need to look for something different, something new, and that is how creativity comes up; you look for the ultimate. Otherwise, you could have remained like an animal doing the same thing every day. But, you can’t do it because you get bored! So, in that sense, boredom is a blessing. Because you get bored, you move on, you look forward, you become a seeker and you rise higher. 

At the same time, boredom is also a curse because it doesn’t allow you to be centered and steady in one place. So your mind aimlessly keeps jumping from one place to another. Because you get bored of everything, you can’t enjoy anything.

There are two different paths that boredom leads you to. Boredom is a blessing when it leads you to wisdom. Boredom is a curse when it leads you to frustration and depression. Because you are bored, you can’t enjoy it, and when you can’t enjoy it you get depressed and frustrated. Or, because you are bored you wake up and begin with a quest.

When life feels dull, there’s this magical moment where everything becomes lively. You can repeat the same thing over and over, and it won’t bother you. It’s like finding a spring of life. Just let go of the past, be like a carefree child, and every moment becomes priceless.

You move ahead and you look into the Self which is fresh all the time! The Self is ever new. Because you are bored with the ephemeral, the surface, you go deep into the Self. So boredom is both a blessing and a curse. A blessing because it takes you away from the routine monotonous life, makes you aware and brings life into you. And it is a curse because it doesn’t let you stabilise. People who are in love don’t get bored. The heart knows no boredom. The head knows boredom.

Connection between Shiva and Ganesha

 

The lord of the diverse universe is called Ganesha. 

The whole universe is nothing but clusters of atoms – groups of qualities, of energy. Gana means group and a group cannot exist without a “lord.” Like the queen bee whose mere existence brings forth the honeycomb, this diverse universe in itself is enough evidence for Ganesha’s presence. 

Ganesha, or lord, was born from the unmanifest transcendental consciousness, the Self, called Shiva. Just as when atoms bond and matter comes into existence, so when all the fragmented aspects of human consciousness bond, divinity happens effortlessly and that is the birth of Ganesha from Shiva.

On Valentine's Day

 

Abiding in the Self you become the valentine for the whole world. Spirit is the valentine of the material world, and the material world is the valentine of the spirit. They are made for each other. They uphold each other. 

If you clutch onto material objects and do not respect the spirit, then the material world will be displeased. If you honor the spirit, then you will care for the world, and when you care for the world, it will take care of you.

Finding real beauty

 

When your mind is not complaining and is responsible, courageous, confident and hollow and empty, you are inexplicably beautiful. A person who cannot correct or act on a complaint has no right to complain. And a person who can correct or act on a complaint, will never complain. 

Complaining is a sign of weakness. Complaining is the nature of utter ignorance where one does not know the Self. Complaints take away the beauty that is inborn in you, and the effects show up more clearly for those on this path. 

The worldly mind is a complaining mind; the divine mind is a dancing mind. Just complaining without looking for a solution is a sign of irresponsibility. And when solutions do not work, finding alternative solutions is a sign of courage. 

For external beauty, you put on things; for real beauty, you have to drop all those things. For external beauty you have to have make up; for real beauty you only have to realize that you are made up.

Restlessness and its remedies

 

There are five types of restlessness. The first type of restlessness is caused by a particular place. When you move away from that place – the street or the house – you immediately feel better. Chanting, singing, laughing and children playing can change this atmospheric restlessness. If you chant and sing, the vibration in the place changes. 

The second type of restlessness is in the body. Eating the wrong food, eating vata-aggravating food, eating at odd times, not exercising and overworking can all cause physical restlessness. The remedy for this is exercise, moderation in work habits and going on a vegetable or juice diet for one or two days. 

The third type of restlessness is mental restlessness. It is caused by ambition, strong thoughts, likes or dislikes. Only knowledge can cure this restlessness – seeing life from a broader perspective, having knowledge of the Self and awareness of the impermanence of everything around you. If you achieve everything, so what? After your achievement, you will die. Knowledge of your death and life, confidence in the Self and confidence in the Divine all calm down mental restlessness. 

The fourth type is emotional restlessness. Any amount of knowledge cannot help here – only Kriya helps. With Kriya, all emotional restlessness vanishes. The presence of your guru, a wise person, or a saint will also help to calm your emotional restlessness. 

The final type of restlessness is rare. It is the restlessness of the soul. When everything feels empty and meaningless, know you are very fortunate. That longing is the restlessness of the soul. Do not try to get rid of it – embrace it, welcome it. People do all sorts of things to get rid of it. They change places, jobs, or partners, they do this, they do that. It seems to help for some time, but it does not last. 

Only this restlessness of the soul can bring authentic prayer in you. It brings perfection, siddhis and miracles in life. It is so precious to get that innermost longing for the Divine. Satsang and the presence of an enlightened one soothe the restlessness of the soul.

What exactly is a guru?

 

A disciple’s job is to satisfy his spiritual master, but how can you satisfy someone who is already satisfied? If your guru is satisfied, then your growth is slowed, but if your guru is unsatisfied, he is away from the Self. 

If your guru is satisfied, then what can inspire you to grow? If he is unsatisfied, he cannot be a guru. And if he is satisfied, he cannot be a guru! So what is the answer?

A guru is nothing but wisdom and love. He is that principle, which is wisdom and love, which is awakened in each one who has stepped onto the path. He is also that person in whom there is no gap between life, wisdom and love. 

Often one recognizes wisdom but sees a gap between wisdom and one’s own life. The purpose of becoming a disciple of a guru is to bridge that gap. Being with a guru means spontaneous integration of life and wisdom.

How cultural differences dictate how a guru is viewed

 

In the Orient, having a master is considered a matter of pride. A master is a symbol of security, love and a sign of great wealth. Being with a guru is like being with one’s higher Self. Not having a master was looked down upon as a sign of misfortune. Orphans were not those without parents; rather those without a master were considered orphans. 

In the Occident having a master is considered shameful and a sign of weakness, for there, masters are thought to enslave people. 

In the Orient, people take pride in having a guru for every aspect of life – a religious guru – dharmaguru, a family guru – kulaguru, a guru for the kingdom – rajguru, a guru for a particular discipline – vidyaguru, and a spiritual guru – satguru. 

In the Orient, masters make their disciples feel powerful, while in the Occident, masters are thought to make people weak. In the Occident, a master is considered a motivator and one who provokes competition. In the Orient, masters give a deep sense of belongingness that enables people to dissolve their limited identity into infinity.

Love (is an extension of) thy Self

 

When you love something, you have a sense of belongingness with it. You can only love something when it belongs to you. If it is not yours, you cannot love it. 

Love is the shadow of the Self. The bigger the Self, the bigger the shadow and the bigger the love. 

When love is cast over all of creation, then you are the Big Self. That is Lordship. When Lordship dawns in the Self, there is perennial celebration.

How a combination of passion and dispassion takes place

 

Passion makes you weak. Dispassion is strength.

For your passion to be fulfilled, you must depend upon so many things. Passion and self-reliance do not go together. If you are passionate, you need to forget about being self-reliant. If you want to be self-reliant, you must drop your passion.

Your spirit is what brings together these two completely different aspects in you. The same spirit that wants self-reliance is also passionate. It is only in spirituality that passion and dispassion can happen together. This combination is the rarest.

When you are dispassionate, you have strength, and strength is self-reliance. True self-reliance is realizing that nothing is excluded from the Self. And when you realize everything is part of the Self, then you can be passionate about everything.

To fulfill your passion, you need to rely only on the Self, for Self alone is non-changing. In truth, there is neither reliance nor passion. Usually, you are either passionate or self-reliant. But in an elevated state of consciousness, you can be neither, or both.

How does your ego come in the way of self-esteem?

 

There are two types of respect. The first is respect that comes to you because of your position, fame, or wealth. This type of respect is impermanent. It can be lost once you lose your wealth or status. 

The second type of respect comes because of your smile and your virtues such as honesty, kindness, commitment and patience. This respect no one can take away. 

The less you are attached to your virtues, the more self-respect you have. When you get attached to your virtues, you treat others with disdain and then your virtues start diminishing. Non-attachment to virtues brings the highest self-respect. 

Ego is often confused with self-esteem. Ego needs another for comparison, but self-esteem is just confidence in oneself. For example, a person claiming that (s)he is skilled in mathematics or geography has self-esteem. But to say, “I am more skilled than you,” is ego.

Ego simply means lack of respect for the Self. Your ego will often leave you upset, but if you have self-esteem, you will be unshaken by external factors. In self-respect everything is a game, winning or losing has no meaning, every step is joy and every move is celebration. With self-esteem you simply realize you have it.

Why natural disasters take place

 

From time to time the earth shakes and in its shaking wakes up the man who is in slumber, the man who not only misuses Nature but puts his faith in bricks and mortar. Your true security is in the Self, not in bricks and mortar. Perhaps this is what nature wants to convey to you. Earthquakes, floods and volcanoes all drive home the truth that nothing is permanent and you can find no security in that which is impermanent. Disasters come to you as a shock and wakes you up. 

When such calamities occur, we try to understand their cause so that we can blame someone. Strangely, when you find someone to blame, you feel comfortable, but with natural calamities you cannot blame anyone. They come to you as a shock. With wisdom, shocks can make you grow in leaps and bounds. Without wisdom, a shock can only lead you to negativity and depression. 

Why would nature destroy small innocent children? Nature just does its job. It does not discriminate between young and old.  

Instead of questioning nature, wake up and see the opportunity for seva, or service. See what happened in Gujarat. Hundreds and thousands of people engaged in service activities that would not have happened otherwise. The reconstruction of Gujarat would not have taken place if not for earthquake. Out of the destruction, a freshwater spring has appeared in a region that has been continuously drought prone. 

Wisdom is considering the Earth as your Valentine. Whether it shakes or breaks, it is dear to you. You always see good coming from it. 

The five elements, other than space, create turbulence from time to time. If you depend on them for support, they will shake you and lead you back to space. Finding security in inner space is spirituality.